News

We have published an article about dynamic hyperinflation and hypoinflation that developes during High-Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation (HFOV). It can be monitored and quantified non-invasively using Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT). Dynamic hyperinflation develops for inspiratory to expriratory time ratio 1:1, whereas dynamic hypoinflation developes for I:E=1:2. The magnitude of the dynamic hyper-/hypoventilation may be clinically significant.

The fulltext: Electrical-Impedance-Tomography-Can-Be-Used-to-Quantify-Lung-Hyperinflation-during-HFOV-The-Pilot-Study-in-Pigs.pdf.

We have just published an article analyzing frequency of alarms due to hypoxic an hyperoxic periods measuered by SpO2 in preterm infants. The study compares manual and automatic control of oxygen fraction in 58 patients.

The full text of the article is here.

Our new article was published about disadvantages and possible threads of using pulse oximeters used as safety limits and end-points during interventions and experiments with rapid desaturation (Snow breathing experiments, breath-hold diving, etc.).

The full text of the article is here.

The 11th annual RESPIRATORY DAYS conference will be held at Bumbalka, Labská u Špindlerova Mlýna, Krkonoše Mts. (Find the place), on September 6–8, 2023 (Wed—Fri).

(For members of FBMI CTU only: The conference will immediately precede the BioŠrot and ParaŠrot training courses. Biošrot and Parašrot will take place at the same place, starting on Saturday, September 9, 2023.)

Následující odkazy na videa jsou určena pro posluchače debaty o lavinách a lavinovém výzkumu odvysílané na TV NOVA dne 21. 2. 2022 a jejich cílem je doplnit videozáznamy k informacím, které zazněly v uvedené diskusi:

Simulace a vysvětlení spuštění sněhové laviny

Video ukazuje vznik tzv. deskové laviny. Člověk může kdekoliv, dokonce i pod kopcem porušit stabilitu sněhových vrstev. Poruchy se šíří po svahu a lavina na něho začne padat i z velmi vzdálených míst nad ním.

Simulace a vyzvětlení vzniku laviny

Záznamy reálných případů spuštění deskové laviny

Video ukazuje záznamy několika případů vzniku lavin. Zajímavé je si všimnout, že je jednom okamžiku se prakticky rozpadne a dá do pohybu obrovská masa ve všech směrech okolo lyžařů.

Záznamy reálných lavin

Když se člověk ocitne pod lavinou, nemůže nic dělat a dusí se

Ve videu je vidět v čase 1:16 “rozpad” sněhové vrstvy všude okolo lyžaře, pád lyžaře spolu s lavinou a dopadnutí laviny (1:45) a uvěznění lyžaře ve sněhu. Krátce poté (zhruba od 1:50) je slyšet nárůst dechového úsilí lyžaře, jeho zrychlení a výrazné prohloubení dechu. Lyžař se začíná dusit. Není schopen jakéhokoliv pohybu, nemůže udělat nic pro svoji záchranu. V závěru je vyhrabán a zachráněn kolegy.

pád do laviny  (Pozor, chvíli trvá, než se video spustí.) Pozn.: Není nám znám autor videa; tento záznam koluje po celém světě mezi záchranáři, výzkumníky a lidmi pohybujícími se v lavinovém terénu již nejméně od roku 2009.

High Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation has a potential to be safe and efficient, but several recent studies did not confirmed superiority of HFOV over conventional protective ventilatory techniques. Knowledge of all aspects of HFOV and necessity of individualized setup of HFOV parameters are essential for rational, safe and effective HFOV application.

Our recently published study explains differences between CMV and HFOV that should be taken into account. Thy study dispels the myth that oxygenation and ventilation (capnia) are decoupled during HFOV. The opposite is true! The change in ventilation (tidal volume, minute ventilation) in HFOV affects oxygenation much more strongly than in CMV. Caution should be exercised as permissive hypercapnia in HFOV may result in severe hypoxemia.

The article was published as Tidal volume significantly affects oxygenation in healthy pigs during high-frequency oscillatory ventilation compared to conventional ventilation in open access journal Biomedical Engineering Online.

Traditional field avalanche research of the Unconventional ventilation team of FBMI CTU takes place at Brádlerovy Boudy in the Giant Mountains at altitude of 1,162 meters above sea level this week.

For many years we have been studying breathing, gas exchange and the probability of survival of a person covered in avalanche snow. Our aim is to dispel myths that are circulating about this issue and which also affect rescue procedures. In the past, we have provided information on the importance of the air pocket in front of the airways of a buried person for the survival. Our research published today in the Scientific Reports journal (“Perlite is a suitable model material for experiments investigating breathing in high density snow”) describes perlite as a material that can replace snow in experiments aimed at studying gas exchange of avalanche victims. It also allows easy, cheap and year-round testing of avalanche protective equipment, e.g. snow snorkels and other safety tools.

Perlite is a suitable model material for breathing experiments studying survival of a victim covered with avalanche snow.

Lenka Horakova, Karel Roubik and Petr Kudrna were awarded by the Scientific Commettee of the IEEE International E-Health and Bioengineering at EHB conference in Iasi, Romania, on November 19, 2021.

The ceremony was online via ZOOM meeting.

The 10th annual RESPIRATORY DAYS conference will be held at Bumbalka, Labská u Špindlerova Mlýna, Krkonoše Mts. (Find the place), on September 1–3, 2021 (Wed—Fri).

The preliminary book of abstracts from Respiratory Days 2019 can be downloaded here.

(For members of FBMI CTU only: The conference will immediately precede the BioŠrot and ParaŠrot training courses. Biošrot, Parašrot will take place at the same place, starting on Saturday, September 4, 2021.)